Q- We are implementing a 3-input AND gate using the following circuit: We can replace BLOCK with number of (a) Buffers or (b) Inverters. The delay of buffer is Tp=2ns. Now we need to choose components such that we have proper output at F= X.Y.Z and the waveforms are as: Ans: Now if we orally […]
Digital Electronics
PARITY GENERATOR (3-bit MESSAGE)
Q-Implement the parity generator (a) Even (b) Odd for 3-bit message Ans: (a) Following is the truth table and K-map for even parity a b c P(even) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 […]
PARITY GENERATOR (4-bit MESSAGE)
Q-Implement the parity generator (a) Even (b) Odd for 4-bit message Ans: (a) Following is the truth table and K-map for even parity Binary number Parity (even) 0000 0 0001 1 0010 1 0011 0 0100 1 0101 0 0110 0 0111 1 1000 1 1001 0 1010 […]
GRAY to BINARY Code Converter
We have already discussed the procedure for this and procedure can be described by following diagram: From the diagram above we can derive the equations directly without any maps. We know that B3 = G3 and B2 is calculated by adding B3 & G2 (ignoring carry) so B2= B3 xor G2 Similarly B1= B2 xor G1 B0= B1 xor […]
Binary to Gray Code converter
In this circuit we’ll convert BINARY numbers to GRAY numbers. Following is the truth table for it: B3 B2 B1 B0 G3 G2 G1 G0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1. 0 0 0 1 […]
Q: Implement LOGIC GATES using MUX
Q- Using 2 to 1 MUX implement the following 2-input gates: (a) OR (b) AND (c) NOR (d) NAND (e) XOR (f) XNOR (g) NOT. Ans: To implement the above for every gate, either we can derive the different gates using the logic (the truth table) or the procedure to implement any function with MUX (discussed […]
Q2: Implement the function using MUX
To implement the function F(A, B, C, D)= Σ (1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 14) using MUX using different variable as selection variable. Let’s now take the variable A for input lines and B, C & D for selection lines. N=4 so MUX is 2 N-1= 23 = 8 to 1 So min terms with A in compliment form are 0 […]
Q: Implement function using MUX
e.g. To implement the function F(A, B, C)= Σ (1, 2, 5, 7) using MUX using different variable as selection variable. Let’s now take the variable B for input lines and A & C for selection lines. The min terms with B in compliment form are 0, 1, 4, 5 and the min terms with B in un-complimented form are […]
Q: Boolean function Implementation using MUXes
Q-How to implement any Boolean function using MUX? Ans: While implementing any function using MUX, if we have N variables in the function then we take (N-1) variables on the selection lines and 1 variable is used for inputs of MUX. As we have N-1 variables on selection lines we need to have 2 N-1 to 1 […]
Q: HIGHER MUXes from LOWER MUXes
Q- Implement (a) 8 to 1 MUX (b) 16 to 1 MUX using 4 to 1 MUX. Ans: (a) Select lines are abc2 Following is the 8 to 1 multiplexer from 4 to 1 multiplexer (b)Select lines are abcd2 Following is the circuit for 16 to 1 MUX